3'-Hydroxy-5,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone posseses antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects.3'-Hydroxy-5,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone has hypoglycemic activities, and showed significant PTP1B inhibitory activities with IC?? values of 1.85 μmol?L?1.

Kojibiose is a disaccharide in honey. Kojibiose is a product of the caramelization of glucose.

Heptadecanoic acid is a fatty acid of exogenous (primarily ruminant) origin. Many "odd" length long chain amino acids are derived from the consumption of dairy fats (milk and meat).